Tsinghua University researchers in Beijing, China, have developed a virtual hospital, “Agent Hospital”, in which patients are treated in consultation rooms and examination rooms by LLM-powered agents capable of autonomous interaction.

These AI “doctors” simulate the entire process of diagnosing and treating patients, including consultation, examination, diagnosis, treatment and followup. Doctor agents are designed by researchers to diagnose diseases and formulate detailed treatment plans, and nursing agents provide daily support.

In total, 10,000 patients are treated in days, compared to an estimated two years by human doctors to treat a similar number. 

The AI doctors achieved an accuracy rate of 93.06% on the MedQA dataset covering major respiratory diseases.